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Tehsil Kishtwar

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Kishtwar was known by several names:
1. Samarth Garh
2. Goverdhansar
3. Mahakali Garh
4. Lohit Mandal
5. Pohie
6. Cheerhar
7. Bhot Nagar
8. Kishtavata
9. Kishtwar

Kishtwar


History :
Existence of Kishtwar town and Mandal goes back to Mahabharata time when it was called ‘Lohit Mandal’ meaning ‘ a place of Saffron’ although ‘Lohit’ has ceased to be used now but ‘Mandal’ still exists and is the name of the villages in the vicinity of the town. According to some historians it was previously called ‘Kashyapwas’ meaning the place of ‘Kashyap Rishi’. It was this great saint who on the basis of his spiritual powers, got the water of ‘Goverdhan Sar’ drained off which made Kishtwar a place worth living. The theory that Kishtwar, prior to its existence, was a lake known as ‘Goverdhan Sar’ is corroborated with the fact that area between TRC and village Sangrambhata is still called ‘Gudhansar’. Sar in Sanskrit means ‘Lake’.
 
With the passage of time the name ‘Kashtwarak’ also has been used for the present Kishtwar. Kishtwar has a significant historical importance as far as its antiquity is concerned in fact, the name Kishtwar is the ‘Prakrit Version’ of the sanskritised names ‘Kashtwarak’ and ‘Kashtnivarak’.

Kishtwar is a land of Sapphire and Saffron. This place is surrounded with mountains, dense forested and sloppy hills which gives amazing and fascinating look to this place. It has so beautiful landscapes. It has also occupied a place on the tourist map of India. Its height is about 1700 meter above from sea level. It is connected from rest of the country through NH1B near Batote. The waterfall of Potinag on the opposite side of NaginShero cliff which is 4090 meters above sea level which remains covered with snow throughout year gives the fascinating look to Kishtwar. Kishtwar have a beautiful ground popularly known as CHOWGAN surrounded by various types of trees. The area of this place is near about 520kanals. In ancient times, Chowgan was known as Goverdhansar Lake which is full of water. Kishtwar is located at a distance of 216 kms from Jammu. Kishtwar district is one of the beautiful districts in the state. The legend has it that Kishtwar got its name from an ancient sage, KishatRishi, Kishtwar stands out for its natural beauty that is further enhanced by the numerous waterfalls surrounding it. Kishtwar is popularly known as “Land of Sapphire and Saffron”.

The erstwhile Kishtwar state was usurped by maharaja Gulab singh the dogra ruler of Jammu, in the year 1821 A.D. and downgraded it to the status of a province under a governor . in 1875 A.D .Maharaja Ranbir Singh further downgraded it to the status of a district. Ultimately in 1909 A. D. Maharaja Pratab Singh made it a Tehsil of Udhampur District .Doda District, with its headquarter at Doda city was carved out of Udhampur District in 1948 A.D. Thus the erstwhile state of Kishtwar was brought down to the status of a Tehsil of Doda district in a phased manner. Doda was then a Niabat (Sub Tehsil) of Ramban Tehsil .Bhaderwah was then a full-fledged Tehsil including the areas of present Gundoh and Thatri Tehsils. The claim of Kishtwar to be the seat of district administration was ignored .people of Kishtwar,  especially those hailing from far off places like Marwah, Warwan , Dacchan ,Chatroo, and Paddar, had to face great hardships and discomfort while going to and coming from district headquarter. They have to travel long distances on foot in absence of motorabe roads. Nature, too was averse to the prosperity of people of Kishtwar. It has a land locked area and thus nestles in rain shadow. Monsoons hardly cross high mountains for a shower which made this area of Kishtwar drought prone area. Irrigation facilities were non-existant. Canals constructed at various places had been abandoned before completion there by putting the state exchequer to great financial loss and with not even nominal outcome. Nobody bothered for the development of Kishtwar.
 
                Kishtwar has played a vital role in shaping the destiny of its adjoining areas. It has bequeathed to the posterity a secular outlook hundreds of year ago. There was no other erstwhile princely state in india which had Mohd Tej Singh, Anayatullah Singh etc, a synthesis of Hindu Muslim name , as its rules. Kirat singh was first raja of Kishtwar who became a mohammadan in about 1664 A.D. at the hands of mughal emperor Aurangzeb in Srinagar with the title of Saadatyar  Khan but he preferred to be called kirat singh instead of muslim name of khan.Mohd  Teg Singh was the last ruler who had three sons namely jai mal singh, Dilawar Singh and Zowar singh .all the musllim rulers of Kishtwar allowed the royal prests to perform religious functions of rajas although they offered five times prauyar according tyo muslim faith also .even Sarthal Yatra performed by the Hindu Rajas ,earlier was not stopped but encouraged the tombs of Shah Farid-ud-din and Shah Assrar-ud-din attracted devotes from both Hindu and Muslim communities. Some of the fairs and festivals were also common. Fundamentalism and communalism had no place in the society. Thus Kishtwar allowed a harmonious culture to flourish in its salubrious climate. This gave birth to a unified Kishtwari culture. The bonds of brotherhood were thus cemented. This is a peculiarity of Kishtwar.
 
           The erstwhile Kishtwar state was divided into nine paragon or cantons of Kishtwar proper, Nagseni, Padder, Marwah, Warwan, Dachhan, Kontwara, Saroor, Sarthal, Udil, Bawanjawh consisting of 156 revenue villages. All these have now been divided into 11 (eleven) Tehsils .namely Kishtwar, Chatroo, Mughal maidan, Marwah,Dachhan, Warwan, Padder(Atholi), Machail, Nagseni, Drabshallah, and Bounjwah. and 13 blocks. The erstwhile Kishtwar state was flourishing state. The king of Kishtwar had its own army and a fort or Qila on a  hillock near Kishtwar town which was manned by the garrisons of 15 to 20 soldiers.
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